@kurvenkrieger @McNeal Okay, mal hier zu den Studien:
Fangen wir mit der ägyptischen Asthmastudie an, denn die ist schnell abgehakt:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23089218Schwachstellen:
1- n=30 ist sauwenig
2- Von ursprünglich n=42 fielen 12 raus, dass ist zu viel!
3- Es handelt sich nur um eine Studie, bei der Homöopathie parallel zur normalen Behandlung verwendet wurde OHNE Kontrollgruppe; sehen wir uns das Fazit des Autors selbst an:
Limitations
This is a longitudinal observational study with no control
group and suffers from the limitations of such studies.
There are possible biases relating to differential drop out,
regression to the mean, non-specific and placebo effects,
and the doctorepatient relationship in the subjective evaluation
of the symptoms on the part of the patients and their
parents
Mit anderen Worten: diese Studie beweist nur: Wenn wir Parameter messen, sind wir in der Lage, Änderungen dieser Parameter festzustellen. Nicht überzeugend.
Nächste Studie:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17335565Auch nicht gut. Fängt bei den Symptomen an:
Patients older than one month, presenting themselves
with at least one of five chief complaints (runny nose, sore
throat, ear pain, sinus pain or cough), and onset of symptoms
not more than 7 days before, were eligible to participate.
Each chief complaint comprised of 5 to 9 individual
symptoms, which were rated by the physicians with scores
from 0 – not present to 4 – very severe.
Sehr grobe Messung (1-4), Symptome sind ausschleißlich solche, die subjektiven Einschätzungen unterliegen, da werden keine messbaren Werte abgefragt. Ein Warnsignal!
Weiteres Problem: Studie nur einseitig verblindet, keine Kontrollgruppe, teilnehmende Ärzte waren informiert, das zieht ordentlich confirmation bias rein...
Dann haben wir massive Heterogenitäten in den Gruppen, was den reporting bias anbelangt:
Upon enrolment in the study, patients, or the patients'
legal guardians were asked for their treatment preference.
In the homeopathy group, 81% of patients had a preference
for homeopathy, 18% had no treatment preference.
In the conventional group, 55% of the patients' preferred
conventional treatment, 2% homeopathy and 43% had
no treatment preference. Patients at mixed centres were
additionally asked whether they would agree to be randomized
if the choice of treatment was made randomly.
With 68.1%, the majority of patients in the homeopathy
group refused to be randomized, 30.6% had no problem
with randomisation and in 1.3% no remark was given. In
the conventional group willingness and unwillingness to
be randomized were equally distributed (51.9% yes,
47.9% no, 0.1% no remark).
Mit anderen Worten, die Homöopathie-Gruppe ist viel überzeugter von der Homöopathie, als die Kontrollgruppe von der "Schulmedizin". Auch das kann zu systematischer Überschätzung der Hom-Ergebnisse führen.
Auch hier wieder, der Autor selbst:
The major limitation of the present study is that patients
were not assigned randomly to their treatment group. The
majority of patients in the homeopathic group had a
strong treatment preference and consequently, they were
not willing to be randomized. A similar reluctance
towards randomisation has also been reported elsewhere
for patients seeking anthroposophic therapy [18]. These
results reveal a substantial limitation to the suitability of
performing large randomized controlled trials on the efficacy
of homeopathy in such a primary care setting.
Also: schlechte Studie, keine gescheite Kontrollgruppe, taugt auch nix.
Und Studie Nummer 3:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15253853Dabei handelt es sich um gar keine Studie, sondern um einen Studienentwurf! Da wurde noch gar nichts gemessen. Nett wie ich bin, habe ich dann die Studie rausgesucht, die auf Basis dieses entwurfs gemacht wurde:
http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/6/1070.abstracthttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738399111005714Sind zwei, beide ähnlich. Die Autorin kommt zu dem Schluss, den wir hier mehrfach hatten:
Homöopathische Medikamente wirken nicht, aber der Patient zieht einen Nutzen daraus, wenn sich der Arzt intensiv mit ihm beschäftigt. Zitat:
This study demonstrates, from the patients’ perspective, how the elements of the homeopathic consultation engendered powerful clinical effects in RA patients. Participants valued a range of benefits arising from the homeopathic consultation which enabled them to cope better with their RA through improving their wellbeing, illness management and/or physical health. These benefits arose as a result of the homeopath exploring the participants’ wider narrative of their illness during the consultations and being “creative” [51] and responsive in the consultation, drawing on and employing different therapeutic approaches to address their individual needs. The multiple approaches the homeopaths employed appear to have similarities to those used in other singular therapies; for example, cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational interviewing and psychotherapy. However homeopathy differs from these single therapies because it employs an eclectic combination of multiple techniques appropriate to the patients’ individuals’ needs and preferences whilst attempting to identify the homeopathic remedy [34]. The data suggests that in particular exploring self and exploring illness appeared to be particularly advantageous and may be the main “active ingredients” [52] but further exploration is needed to confirm or refute this.
Mit anderen Worten: Ziemlich Bums, was man mit dem Patienten macht, so lange man sich Zeit nimmt.
Gesamtfazit zu den Studien: "Außer Spesen: Nichts gewesen"